Contents — All articles (A–Z)


24 articles in M&Apedia, listed alphabetically.

A

B

  • Business valuationThe set of methods used to estimate the economic value of a company or its equity.

C

D

  • Deal structureHow an acquisition is assembled — chiefly the choice between buying stock or assets.
  • Definitive purchase agreementThe binding contract that governs an acquisition and its terms.
  • Discounted cash flowAn intrinsic valuation that discounts a company’s projected cash flows to present value.
  • Due diligenceThe investigation of a target company carried out before a deal is signed or closed.

E

  • EarnoutDeferred, contingent payments tied to the target’s performance after closing.
  • Enterprise valueThe total value of a company’s operations, independent of its capital structure.

G

  • GoodwillThe intangible asset recorded when a buyer pays more than the fair value of net assets.

H

  • Hostile takeoverAn acquisition pursued against the wishes of the target company’s board.

I

L

  • Letter of intentA preliminary document outlining the main terms of a proposed deal, mostly non-binding.
  • Leveraged buyoutAn acquisition financed largely with borrowed money, repaid from the target’s cash flows.

M

  • MergerThe combination of two companies into a single surviving legal entity.
  • Mergers and acquisitionsThe umbrella term for transactions that combine the ownership of companies or their assets.

P

  • Poison pillA defense that lets a target dilute a hostile bidder by issuing cheap shares to others.
  • Precedent transaction analysisRelative valuation using the multiples paid in comparable past acquisitions.
  • Purchase price allocationThe process of assigning an acquisition’s price to the assets and liabilities acquired.

S

  • SynergyThe extra value a combined company can create beyond the sum of the two firms apart.

T

  • Tender offerA public offer made directly to shareholders to buy their shares, usually at a premium.
  • Types of mergersClassification of mergers by the economic relationship between the combining firms.